-
Seminars in Interventional Radiology Jun 2013Although radiofrequency ablation for lung cancer is generally safe (with a mortality rate <1%), it may cause various complications. Common complications include... (Review)
Review
Although radiofrequency ablation for lung cancer is generally safe (with a mortality rate <1%), it may cause various complications. Common complications include pneumothorax, pleural effusion, and parenchymal hemorrhage. Although most complications can be treated conservatively or with minimal therapy, physicians should be aware of rare but serious complications. Potentially fatal complications include massive hemorrhage, intractable pneumothorax due to bronchopleural fistula, pulmonary artery pseudoaneurysm, systemic air embolism, and pneumonitis. Other serious complications include injury to the nearby tissues (e.g., brachial nerve plexus, phrenic nerve, diaphragm, and chest wall), needle tract seeding, lung abscess, empyema, and skin burn. Although cavitation of the ablation zone is usually insignificant clinically, such a cavity occasionally ruptures, leading to pneumothorax and bleeding. Cavities may also serve as a scaffold for fungal colonization. Precautions to minimize risk should be taken whenever possible. Nevertheless, serious complications may occur, and thus physicians should be aware of the appropriate treatments for these complications. This article reviews complications associated with lung cancer ablation.
PubMed: 24436533
DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1342958 -
Interactive Cardiovascular and Thoracic... Apr 2012
Topics: Bronchial Fistula; Bronchoscopy; Female; Humans; Male; Pleural Diseases; Pneumonectomy; Respiratory Tract Fistula; Stents
PubMed: 22438412
DOI: 10.1093/icvts/ivs092 -
Lung India : Official Organ of Indian... 2020
PubMed: 32108591
DOI: 10.4103/lungindia.lungindia_89_20 -
Journal of Thoracic Disease Apr 2019
PubMed: 31179050
DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2019.02.98 -
Cureus Aug 2021Pneumoscrotum is the term used to indicate the presence of air in the scrotum and comprises scrotal emphysema and pneumatocele. It is an uncommon medical condition and...
Pneumoscrotum is the term used to indicate the presence of air in the scrotum and comprises scrotal emphysema and pneumatocele. It is an uncommon medical condition and encompasses multiple etiologies, some of which may be life-threatening. We present the case of a 45-year-old male who developed a pneumoscrotum seven days after undergoing a thoracoscopy with decortication, pleural biopsy, and chest tube insertion, for a loculated pleural effusion not amenable to drainage by a pigtail catheter. The patient was diagnosed with a bronchopleural fistula and was treated conservatively with negative chest tube pressure. Treatment of the fistula and of the resulting pneumothorax allowed resorption of the pneumoscrotum. The associated literature is reviewed after the case presentation. This case report underlines the importance of evaluating a pneumoscrotum that should not be underestimated.
PubMed: 34540491
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.17270 -
Commentary: An innovative, minimally-invasive approach to post-pneumonectomy bronchopleural fistula.JTCVS Techniques Dec 2020
PubMed: 34318072
DOI: 10.1016/j.xjtc.2020.08.032 -
Annals of Translational Medicine Aug 2019Airleaks are one of the most common complications associated with elective lung resection. There have been many techniques and modern advancements in thoracic surgery,... (Review)
Review
Airleaks are one of the most common complications associated with elective lung resection. There have been many techniques and modern advancements in thoracic surgery, however airleaks persist. This review article will discuss several interventions ranging from conservative noninvasive to surgical management of the persistent airleak. These techniques include stopping of suction on the plueravac, fibrin patches, pleurodesis, use of endobronchial valves (EBVs), return to OR for operative intervention, and lastly to send patients home with mini pleuravacs.
PubMed: 31516907
DOI: 10.21037/atm.2019.04.30 -
The Journal of Thoracic and... Jun 2019
Topics: Bronchial Fistula; Humans; Pleural Diseases; Thoracotomy
PubMed: 30902471
DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2019.02.052 -
Thoracic Surgery Clinics Aug 2020Prolonged air leak or alveolar-pleural fistula is common after lung resection and can usually be managed with continued pleural drainage until resolution. Further... (Review)
Review
Prolonged air leak or alveolar-pleural fistula is common after lung resection and can usually be managed with continued pleural drainage until resolution. Further management options include blood patch administration, chemical pleurodesis, and 1-way endobronchial valve placement. Bronchopleural fistula is rare but is associated with high mortality, often caused by development of concomitant empyema. Bronchopleural fistula should be confirmed with bronchoscopy, which may allow bronchoscopic intervention; however, transthoracic stump revision or window thoracostomy may be required.
Topics: Bronchial Fistula; Bronchoscopy; Humans; Pleural Diseases; Pneumonectomy; Pneumothorax; Respiratory Tract Fistula; Risk Factors
PubMed: 32593367
DOI: 10.1016/j.thorsurg.2020.04.008 -
Translational Lung Cancer Research Jun 2014Thoracic surgery comprises major procedures which may be challenging, not only from a technical point of view but also regarding anesthetic and postoperative management.... (Review)
Review
Thoracic surgery comprises major procedures which may be challenging, not only from a technical point of view but also regarding anesthetic and postoperative management. Complications are common occurrences which are also related to the comorbidity of the patients. After major lung resections pulmonary and pleural complications are often encountered. In this overview more surgically related complications are discussed, focusing on postpneumonectomy pulmonary edema, thromboembolic disease including pulmonary embolism, prolonged air leak, lobar torsion, persistent pleural space, empyema and bronchopleural fistula. Prevention, timely recognition, and early adequate treatment are key points as complications initially considered to be minor, may suddenly turn into life-threatening events. To this end multidisciplinary cooperation is necessary. Preoperative smoking cessation, adequate pain control, attention to nutritional status, incentive spirometry and early mobilization are important factors to reduce the incidence of postoperative complications.
PubMed: 25806298
DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2218-6751.2014.06.07